Vor dem Zweiten Weltkrieg gehörte das Zusammenleben unterschiedlicher ethnischer Gruppen in Mittel- und Osteuropa sowohl in den Städten als auch in den Dörfern zur Normalität. Die bereits vor 1939 existierenden Konfliktlinien wurden in vielen Orten durch Genozid, Bürgerkrieg und die unterschiedlichen Besatzungspolitiken noch verschärft. Da viele dieser Linien bis in die Gegenwart führen, spielt der Zweite Weltkrieg in den europäischen Erinnerungskulturen eine zentrale Rolle als Projektionsfläche für Konflikte, aber auch für die Überwindung dieser durch Akte der Versöhnung. Die Geschichtswerkstatt Europa untersucht in exemplarischen Projekten die Repräsentation von Ethnizität an konkreten Orten in ihrer lokalen Komplexität. Dabei werden die mitteleuropäischen Mosaike nicht allein „rekonstruiert“, sondern der Prozess des erneuten Zusammensetzens hinterfragt. Darüber hinaus wird die Konstruktion von Ethnizität auf der individuellen, lebensweltlichen Ebene nachvollzogen. Deshalb wird im Rahmen der Geschichtswerkstatt Europa anhand einzelner Biographien die Bedeutung ethnischer Identitäten für die Erinnerung an das Europa jenseits der Katastrophe sowie den Einfluss dieser auf den Prozess des Erinnerns untersucht.
[alias] => erinnerung-und-ethnizitaet [image] => media/themen/Projektbild Porajmos.JPG [title_en] => Remembrance and Ethnicity [description_en] =>The coexistance of diverse ethnic groups in the towns and villages of central and eastern Europe was accepted as normal before WWII. The conflict lines which existed prior to 1939 were exacerbated in many places by genocide, civil war and various occupation policies. Since many of these lines extend to the present day, WWII is central to European remembrance cultures as the cause of conflict, as well as the opportunity for reconciliation.
Geschichtswerkstatt Europa investigates the representation of ethnicity at specific sites in its local complexity. This not only ‚reconstructs’ the mosaic of central Europe, but scrutinises the process of re-assembly, thereby tracing the construction of ethnicity on the level of individual, lived experience. Through individual biographies, Geschichtswerkstatt Europa examines the significance of ethnic identities for remembrance of Europe beyond the catastrophe of war and the influence of this on the process of remembrance.
[parentJumpTo] => 0 [parentLink] => Die Eigenschaften des Eintrags anschauen [parentUrl] => projekt-details/items/Karelian_Remembrance.html ) ) ) [methods] => Array ( [label] => Methoden, die dem Projekt zugeordnet sind [type] => tags [raw] => 1,4 [value] => Analyse von Erinnerungsräumen, Oral History [ref] => Array ( [1] => Array ( [id] => 1 [pid] => 4 [sorting] => 128 [tstamp] => 1248196729 [title_de] => Analyse von Erinnerungsräumen [description_de] =>Geschichte hat immer eine zeitliche und eine räumliche Dimension. Während die Chronologie zu einer Grundstruktur von erzählter Geschichte geworden ist, geriet die Analyse von räumlichen Strukturen über lange Zeit ins Hintertreffen. Inspiriert von den Ideen Karl Schlögels bietet die Geschichtswerkstatt Europa einen Rahmen, um Europa als Raum neu zu vermessen und ihn gedanklich neu zusammenzufügen. Dafür sind die Exkursion und die Besichtigung der Orte selbst zu einem prägenden Element vieler Projekte geworden.
Ein wichtiges Konzept, in dem Erinnerung als Identität stiftender Prozess mit einer räumlichen Dimension verknüpft wurde, ist in den lieux de mémoire bzw. Erinnerungsorten auszumachen, die nach Pierre Nora von Hagen Schulze, Etienne François und anderen weiter entwickelt wurden. In den Projekten der Geschichtswerkstatt Europa werden europäische Kulturlandschaften nach jenen Kristallisationspunkten untersucht, die generationenübergreifend eine starkes Potenzial zur Schaffung kollektiver Identität aufweisen.
[alias] => analyse-von-erinnerungsraeumen [image] => media/methoden/Kuestrin Obelisk Aufnahme BV.JPG [title_en] => Analysis of sites of remembrance [description_en] =>History always has both a temporal and a spatial dimension. As chronology has become the fundamental structure of narrated history, the analysis of spatial structures has long been neglected. Inspired by the ideas of Karl Schlögel, Geschichtswerkstatt Europa provides the opportunity to reconsider Europe as a space and to reconstruct it intellectually. Excursions and site visits are therefore a vital element of many projects.
The terms lieux de mémoire or sites of memory/remembrace (Erinnerungsorten) developed by Hagen Schulze, Etienne François and others after Pierre Nora, conceptualise memory/remembrance as an identity-forming process with a spatial dimension. The projects of Geschichtswerkstatt Europa look for these ‚points of crystallisation’ in European cultural landscapes which offer the greatest potential for collective identity creation across the generations.
[parentJumpTo] => 0 [parentLink] => Die Eigenschaften des Eintrags anschauen [parentUrl] => projekt-details/items/Karelian_Remembrance.html ) [3] => Array ( [id] => 4 [pid] => 4 [sorting] => 256 [tstamp] => 1248196767 [title_de] => Oral History [description_de] =>Als Quelle historischen Wissens erst nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg etabliert, wird heute bereits das Ende der Zeitzeugen debattiert: zentrales Motiv der Diskussion ist dabei der angenommene Verlust eines spezifisch wertvollen Zugangs zur Vergangenheit. Mündlich erfragte Geschichte spielt in den Projekten der Geschichtswerkstatt Europa eine herausgehobene Rolle, erlaubt sie doch eine intensive und unmittelbare Auseinandersetzung junger Europäer mit den Gewalterfahrungen im 20. Jahrhundert und der Erinnerung an diese.
Dies ist nicht möglich, ohne Oral History als Methode, aber auch mit Blick auf die durch sie gewonnenen Erkenntnisse, kritisch anzuwenden: Eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Erinnerung an die Gewalterfahrungen im 20. Jahrhundert muss individuelle wie kollektive, staatlich initiierte wie gesellschaftlich gepflegte Gedächtnisse gleichermaßen berücksichtigen und zu einander in Beziehung setzen.
[alias] => oral-history [image] => media/methoden/Neumark Exkursion Zeitzeugen Gespraech CaroMekelburg.JPG [title_en] => Oral history [description_en] =>Established as a source of historical knowledge only after the Second World War, today the decline of contemporary witnesses is debated. Central to the debate is the presumed loss of a particularly valuable link to history. Oral history is key to the projects of Geschichtswerkstatt Europa, allowing the young Europeans a more intensive and direct engagement with the conflicts of the 20th century and remembrance of them.
This would not be possible without the method of oral history or the ability to critically apply the knowledge gathered in this way. Any discussion of remembrance of the conflicts of the 20th century must take into account both individual and collective memories, those cultivated by the state and society and consider them alongside one another.
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Syktyvkar State University (2004-2009), marketing; 2. Saint-Petersburg photojournalism faculty (nowadays-2013) photofaculty.ru. Born in Pechora (Komi Republic, Russia) in 1986. Has started hitchhiking and documenting different aspects of life in Russia in 2005. After graduating in 2009 Alexander was put into the army and served for a year as a fireman in Plesetsk, the space launching site. At the moment he does reportage photography and personal documentary projects. Since 2005 till now have been documenting life on Russian roads all over the country. In 2009 a project on dying villages was started. The main idea is to show consequences of former USSR politics and connection with the modern Russian politics. It was published on his personal site www.alexanderaksakov.com. [description_en] => Education: 1. Syktyvkar State University (2004-2009), marketing; 2. Saint-Petersburg photojournalism faculty (nowadays-2013) photofaculty.ru. Born in Pechora (Komi Republic, Russia) in 1986. Has started hitchhiking and documenting different aspects of life in Russia in 2005. After graduating in 2009 Alexander was put into the army and served for a year as a fireman in Plesetsk, the space launching site. At the moment he does reportage photography and personal documentary projects. Since 2005 till now have been documenting life on Russian roads all over the country. In 2009 a project on dying villages was started. The main idea is to show consequences of former USSR politics and connection with the modern Russian politics. It was published on his personal site www.alexanderaksakov.com. 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Józef has studied Ukrainian philology at University of Warsaw and National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, and taken postgraduate studies „Totalitarism-Nazism-Holocaust“ at The International Center for Education on Auschwitz. He has been working in Charity Centre for Refugees in Chisinau, Museum of The Polish Jews in Warsaw , and International Organization for Migration in Warsaw. Publications: Liturgical Life of Greek Catholics in the Lviv District during Persecutions (1945-1989); The rhetorics of state border; On crossing borders and reconstructing borderland. Polish Armenians journeys to Ukraine as practical lesson of multiculturality; Female labour migration from Western Ukraine in the perspective of Ukrainian discourse of identity. [description_en] => Józef Markiewicz (MA) has graduated from the Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology at the University of Warsaw. Józef has studied Ukrainian philology at University of Warsaw and National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, and taken postgraduate studies „Totalitarism-Nazism-Holocaust“ at The International Center for Education on Auschwitz. He has been working in Charity Centre for Refugees in Chisinau, Museum of The Polish Jews in Warsaw , and International Organization for Migration in Warsaw. Publications: Liturgical Life of Greek Catholics in the Lviv District during Persecutions (1945-1989); The rhetorics of state border; On crossing borders and reconstructing borderland. Polish Armenians journeys to Ukraine as practical lesson of multiculturality; Female labour migration from Western Ukraine in the perspective of Ukrainian discourse of identity. 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She holds a PhD in Ethnography. From 2005 to 2008 she was coordinator of the Oral History Center at the European University at St. Petersburg. During the same period she coordinated the HESP ReSET project “From History to Histories. Teaching the Past from a Local Perspective” at the European University at St. Petersburg under support of the “Open Society” Institute, Soros Foundation. [description_en] => is a researcher at the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography at the Russian Academy of Sciences. since 2009, she is also docent at the Center of Folklore and Ethnography at the St. Petersburg State Conservatory and since 2011 lecturer at the department of Cultural Studies at the Faculty of Philosophy, St. Petersburg State University. She holds a PhD in Ethnography. From 2005 to 2008 she was coordinator of the Oral History Center at the European University at St. Petersburg. During the same period she coordinated the HESP ReSET project “From History to Histories. Teaching the Past from a Local Perspective” at the European University at St. Petersburg under support of the “Open Society” Institute, Soros Foundation. 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She has conducted ethnographical fieldwork in Gagauz Yeri, Moldova, and recently been working in research and development projects in Finland and Republic of Karelia. [description_en] => Riikka Nevalainen (MA, cultural research) has studied and worked in projects at Izhevsk State University, Ekaterinburg State Technical University, Russia, and Advita international in Chisinau, Moldova. She has conducted ethnographical fieldwork in Gagauz Yeri, Moldova, and recently been working in research and development projects in Finland and Republic of Karelia. [officehours] => [room] => [building] => [department] => [joined] => [address2] => [resigned] => [groupselection] => 0 [agreement] => [publications_de] => [publications_en] => [member_pages] => a:1:{i:0;i:388;} [avatar] => media/avatars/member_555.jpg [description] => [workscope] => ) ) ) [tender] => Array ( [label] => Ausschreibung des Projekts [type] => select [raw] => 6 [value] => KRIEG, NACHKRIEG, KALTER KRIEG [ref] => Array ( [1] => Array ( [id] => 6 [pid] => 9 [sorting] => 32 [tstamp] => 1333529680 [title_de] => KRIEG, NACHKRIEG, KALTER KRIEG [alias] => krieg-nachkrieg-kalter-krieg [description_de] =>
ERINNERUNGEN AN DEN ZWEITEN WELTKRIEG IM ZEICHEN DES NEUANFANGS (1945 BIS 1960)
Der Zweite Weltkrieg und der aus ihm hervorgehende Kalte Krieg führten zu einer nachhaltigen Spaltung Europas. Diese zeigt sich bis heute in den stark unterschiedlichen Erinnerungskulturen der europäischen Gesellschaften. Die Geschichtswerkstatt Europa 2012 fördert Projekte die das Nachwirken des Zweiten Weltkriegs in den europäischen Gesellschaften in den ersten 15 Jahren nach Kriegsende untersuchen. Die internationalen Projekte sollen damit einen Beitrag zum Verständnis der Formierungsphase europäischer Erinnerungskulturen leisten.
Die Projekte sollen auf einem von drei Themenfeldern angesiedelt sein, die den Umgang mit den Erinnerungen an die Kriegszeit in der Nachkriegszeit besonders prägen: Rückkehr, Transfer und Geschichtspolitik.
REMEMBRANCES OF WORLD WAR II AND THE NEW BEGINNING OF THE POST-WAR YEARS (1945–1960)
The Second World War and subsequently the Cold War led Europe into a state of enduring division. Evidence of this can be seen today in the greatly differing cultures of memory and remembrance in European societies. In the programme year 2012, Geschichtswerkstatt Europa funds projects that examine the after effects of the Second World War on European societies in the first 15 post-war years. These international projects should make a contribution to our understanding of the formative years of European cultures of remembrance.
The projects should consider one of three topic areas – each of which particularly highlights the different practises of remembrance of the war in the post war years: going back, exchange and the politics of history.
[preview] => [archive] => [parentJumpTo] => 0 [parentLink] => Die Eigenschaften des Eintrags anschauen [parentUrl] => projekt-details/items/Karelian_Remembrance.html ) ) ) [pdf] => Array ( [label] => Methodenpapier [type] => file [raw] => media/projekte/Methodenpapier/MP_White_Karelia.pdf [value] => [files] => Array ( [0] => media/projekte/Methodenpapier/MP_White_Karelia.pdf ) [meta] => Array ( ) ) [blog] => Array ( [label] => Archiv des Blogs [type] => select [raw] => 92 [value] => From Cold and Cooling. White Karelian Remembrances of the Post War Climate Changes [ref] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 92 [tstamp] => 1326895778 [title] => From Cold and Cooling. White Karelian Remembrances of the Post War Climate Changes [jumpTo] => 0 [allowComments] => [notify] => notify_admin [template] => com_default [sortOrder] => ascending [perPage] => 0 [moderate] => [bbcode] => [requireLogin] => [disableCaptcha] => [protected] => [groups] => [makeFeed] => [format] => rss [language] => [source] => source_teaser [maxItems] => 25 [feedBase] => http://www.geschichtswerkstatt-europa.org/ [alias] => [description] => [dw_keywords] => [dw_description] => ) ) ) [title_de] => Array ( [label] => Name des Projekts, deutsch [type] => text [raw] => Kalt und kühler. Weißkarelische Erinnerungen an die Klimawechsel der Nachkriegszeit [value] => Kalt und kühler. Weißkarelische Erinnerungen an die Klimawechsel der Nachkriegszeit ) [title_en] => Array ( [label] => Name des Projekts, englisch [type] => text [raw] => Cold and cooling. White Karelian Remembrances of the Post-War Climate Changes [value] => Cold and cooling. White Karelian Remembrances of the Post-War Climate Changes ) [description_de] => Array ( [label] => Beschreibung des Projektes, deutsch [type] => longtext [raw] => Nach dem Winterkrieg entstand durch Teilungen des karelischen Gebiets die Karelisch-Finnische Sowjetrepublik (1940-1956), die als Lösung für die schwierigen Beziehungen zwischen Sowjetrussland und Finnland gedacht war. Diese „nationale Republik“ war ein Konstrukt, gerechtfertigt durch die Idee ethnischer Einheit, die das neue Konzept eines „karelisch-finnischen Volkes“ schuf. Weißkarelien, eine Region, die nie zu Finnland gehört hatte, war von diesen ideologischen und politischen Vorstößen stark beeinträchtigt. Das Projekt konzentriert sich auf das Entstehen von Ethnizitäten und lokalen Identitäten in individuellen Narrativen, Erfahrungen und Erinnerungen im Kontext historischer Meisterzählungen. Dörfer im weißkarelischen Grenzland – die meisten von ihnen wurden im Zuge der Reformen ab 1956 wieder liquidiert – werden ebenso in Bezug auf die Frage nach Erinnern und Vergessen untersucht. [value] => Nach dem Winterkrieg entstand durch Teilungen des karelischen Gebiets die Karelisch-Finnische Sowjetrepublik (1940-1956), die als Lösung für die schwierigen Beziehungen zwischen Sowjetrussland und Finnland gedacht war. Diese „nationale Republik“ war ein Konstrukt, gerechtfertigt durch die Idee ethnischer Einheit, die das neue Konzept eines „karelisch-finnischen Volkes“ schuf. Weißkarelien, eine Region, die nie zu Finnland gehört hatte, war von diesen ideologischen und politischen Vorstößen stark beeinträchtigt. Das Projekt konzentriert sich auf das Entstehen von Ethnizitäten und lokalen Identitäten in individuellen Narrativen, Erfahrungen und Erinnerungen im Kontext historischer Meisterzählungen. Dörfer im weißkarelischen Grenzland – die meisten von ihnen wurden im Zuge der Reformen ab 1956 wieder liquidiert – werden ebenso in Bezug auf die Frage nach Erinnern und Vergessen untersucht. ) [description_en] => Array ( [label] => Beschreibung des Projektes, englisch [type] => longtext [raw] => The project discusses ethnicities and local identities in individual narrations, experiences and memories in the context of historical master narratives of war, post-war and cold war period. After the Winter War as a solution for the difficult relationship between Soviet Russia and Finland, Karelian-Finnish SSR (1940-1956) was established by new divisions of the Karelian territory. This “national republic” was a construction justified by the idea of ethnic unity, and it introduced a new concept, the “Karelian-Finnish people”. White Karelian borderland villages – most of which were liquidated during the economical reforms from 1956 onwards – are studied as complex places of remembrance. [value] => The project discusses ethnicities and local identities in individual narrations, experiences and memories in the context of historical master narratives of war, post-war and cold war period. After the Winter War as a solution for the difficult relationship between Soviet Russia and Finland, Karelian-Finnish SSR (1940-1956) was established by new divisions of the Karelian territory. This “national republic” was a construction justified by the idea of ethnic unity, and it introduced a new concept, the “Karelian-Finnish people”. White Karelian borderland villages – most of which were liquidated during the economical reforms from 1956 onwards – are studied as complex places of remembrance. ) [custom_title_de] => Array ( [label] => optionaler Title (deutsch) [type] => text [raw] => Karelische Erinnerung [value] => Karelische Erinnerung ) [custom_title_en] => Array ( [label] => optionaler Title (englisch) [type] => text [raw] => Karelian Remembrance [value] => Karelian Remembrance ) [mentors] => Array ( [label] => Mentoren [type] => tags [raw] => [value] => ) ) ) ) )
Nach dem Winterkrieg entstand durch Teilungen des karelischen Gebiets die Karelisch-Finnische Sowjetrepublik (1940-1956), die als Lösung für die schwierigen Beziehungen zwischen Sowjetrussland und Finnland gedacht war. Diese „nationale Republik“ war ein Konstrukt, gerechtfertigt durch die Idee ethnischer Einheit, die das neue Konzept eines „karelisch-finnischen Volkes“ schuf. Weißkarelien, eine Region, die nie zu Finnland gehört hatte, war von diesen ideologischen und politischen Vorstößen stark beeinträchtigt. Das Projekt konzentriert sich auf das Entstehen von Ethnizitäten und lokalen Identitäten in individuellen Narrativen, Erfahrungen und Erinnerungen im Kontext historischer Meisterzählungen. Dörfer im weißkarelischen Grenzland – die meisten von ihnen wurden im Zuge der Reformen ab 1956 wieder liquidiert – werden ebenso in Bezug auf die Frage nach Erinnern und Vergessen untersucht.